Opinions on Tesla's radiant energy.

Dan998 · Tar Sands Joined: Mar 07, 2005 Posts: 53

http://www.fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/tesla-flying-machine/Tesla-Radiant-Energy-system.php

TESLA'S RADIANT (Dark) ENERGY SYSTEM
Bruce A. Perreault Brooklyn Eagle
July 10, 1932
Nikola Tesla states:

I have harnessed the cosmic rays and caused them to operate a motive device. Cosmic ray investigation is a subject that is very close to me. I was the first to discover these rays and I naturally feel toward them as I would toward my own flesh and blood. I have advanced a theory of the cosmic rays and at every step of my investigations I have found it completely justified. The attractive features of the cosmic rays is their constancy. They shower down on us throughout the whole 24 hours, and if a plant is developed to use their power it will not require devices for storing energy as would be necessary with devices using wind, tide or sunlight. All of my investigations seem to point to the conclusion that they are small particles, each carrying so small a charge that we are justified in calling them neutrons. They move with great velocity, exceeding that of light. More than 25 years ago I began my efforts to harness the cosmic rays and I can now state that I have succeeded in operating a motive device by means of them. I will tell you in the most general way, the cosmic ray ionizes the air, setting free many charged ions and electrons. These charges are captured in a condenser which is made to discharge through the circuit of the motor. I have hopes of building my motor on a large scale, but circumstances have not been favorable to carrying out my plan.

New York American November 1st, 1933
Device to Harness Cosmic Energy Claimed by Tesla:

"This new power for the driving of the world's machinery will be derived from the energy which operates the universe, the cosmic energy, whose central source for the earth is the sun and which is everywhere present in unlimited quantities."

<http://www.fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/tesla-flying-machine/images/Tesla-radiant-energy-01.gif> This is a diagram of Tesla's first radiant energy receiver. It stored static electricity obtained from the air and converted it to a usable form. Tesla's invention is a simple version of T.H. Moray's device. Moray's device used a unique rectifier (RE-valve) to efficiently capture the static electricity from the surrounding air. Moray's oscillator tubes (magnetron transducers) utilized this high-voltage energy to generate an internal secondary "cold" fusion reaction.

Stick an antenna up in the air, the higher the better, and wire it to one side of a capacitor, the other going to a good earth ground, and the potential difference will then charge the capacitor. Connect across the capacitor some sort of switching device so that it can be discharged at rhythmic intervals, and you have an oscillating electric output. T.H. Moray simply expanded on Tesla's idea to use high-voltage to create ionic oscillation.

Tesla's free-energy concept was patented in 1901 as an "Apparatus for the Utilization of Radiant Energy." ( see below ) The patent refers to "the sun, as well as other sources of radiant energy, like cosmic rays," that the device works at night is explained in terms of the night-time availability of cosmic rays. Tesla also refers to the ground as "a vast reservoir of negative electricity."

Tesla was fascinated by radiant energy and its free-energy possibilities. He called the Crooke's radiometer, a device which has vanes that spin in a vacuum when exposed to radiant energy "a beautiful invention." He believed that it would become possible to harness energy directly by " connecting to the very wheel-work of nature." On his 76th birthday at his yearly ritual press conference, Tesla announced a "cosmic-ray motor" when asked if it was more powerful than the Crooke's radiometer, he answered, "thousands of times more powerful."

In 1901 Nikola Tesla was one the first to identify "radiant energy." Tesla says that the source of this energy is our Sun. He concluded that the Sun emits small particles, each carrying so small of a charge, that they move with great velocity, exceeding that of light. Tesla further states that these particles are the neutron particles. Tesla believed that these neutron particles were responsible for all radioactive reactions. Radiant matter is in tune with these neutron particles. Radiant matter is simply a re-transmitter of energy from one state to another.

How his radiant energy receiver worked

<http://www.fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/tesla-flying-machine/images/Tesla-radiant-energy-02.gif> From the electric Potential that exists between the elevated plate (plus) and the ground (minus), energy builds up in the capacitor, and, after
"a suitable time interval," the accumulated energy will "manifest itself in a powerful discharge" that can do work. The capacitor, says Tesla, should be "of considerable electrostatic capacity, " and its dielectric made of "the best quality mica, for it has to withstand potentials that could rupture a weaker dielectric."

Tesla gives various options for the switching device. One is a rotary switch that resembles a Tesla circuit controller, another is an electrostatic device consisting of two very light, membranous conductors suspended in a vacuum. These sense the energy build-up in the capacitor, one charging positive, the other negative, and, at a certain charge level, are attracted, touch, and thus fire the capacitor. Tesla also mentions another switching device consisting of a minute air gap or weak dielectric film that breaks down suddenly when a certain potential is reached.

Tesla received two patents for this radiant energy device; U.S. Patent No. 685,957 - Apparatus for the Utilization of Radiant Energy and U.S. Patent No. 685,958 - Method of Utilizing Radiant Energy. Both these patents were filed on March 21, 1901 and granted on November 5, 1901. In these patents he explains:

"The sun, as well as other sources of radiant energy throw off minute particles of matter positively electrified, which, impinging upon the upper plate, communicate continuously an electrical charge to the same. The opposite terminal of the condenser being connected to ground, which may be considered as a vast reservoir of negative electricity, a feeble current flows continuously into the condenser and inasmuch as the particles are ...charged to a very high potential, this charging of the condenser may continue, as I have actually observed, almost indefinitely, even to the point of rupturing the dielectric."

The Earth's Electrostatic Charge

Tesla's intent was to condense the energy trapped between the earth and its upper atmosphere and to transform it into an electric current. He pictured the sun as an immense ball of electricity, positively charged with a potential of some 200 billion volts. The earth, on the other hand, is charged with negative electricity. The tremendous electrical force between these two bodies constituted, at least in part, what he called cosmic energy. It varied from night to day and from season to season but it is always present.

The positive particles are stopped at the ionosphere and between it and the negative charges in the ground, a distance of 60 miles, there is a large difference of voltage - something on the order of 360,000 volts. With the gases of the atmosphere acting as an insulator between these two opposite stores of electrical charges, the region between the ground and the edge of space traps a great deal of energy. Despite the large size of the planet, it is electrically like a capacitor which keeps positive and negative charges apart by using the air as a non-conducting material as an insulator.

The earth has a charge of 96,500 coulombs. With a potential of 360,000 volts, the earth constitutes a capacitor of .25 farads (farads = coulombs/volts). If the formula for calculating the energy stored in a capacitor (E =1/2CV2) is applied to the earth, it turns out that the ambient medium contains 1.6 x 1011 joules or 4.5 megawatt-hours of electrical energy. In order to utilize this high-voltage energy you must do two things -- make an energy sink and then devise a way of making the "sink" oscillate.

"Zero-Point Energy?"

Such a "sink" has to be at a lower energy state than the surrounding medium and, for the energy to continually flow into it, the energy must be continually pumped out of it. Additionally, this " sink" must maintain a lower energy state while meeting the power requirements of the load attached to it. Electrical energy, watt-seconds, is a product of volts x amps x seconds. Because the period of oscillation does not change, either voltage or current has to be the variable in this system's energy equation. Bifilar wound coils are used in the system because a bifilar wound coil maximizes the voltage difference between its turns, the current is then minimized.

A coil in our system, then, will be set into oscillation at its resonant frequency by an external power source. During the "zero-point" portion of its cycle the coil will appear as one plate of a capacitor. As the voltage across the coil increases, the amount of charge it can siphon will increase. The energy that is taken into the coil through the small energy window (zero-point), call it what you will, appears to be the key to the success of this system. It is at this zero-point where energy is condensed into positive and negative components of current. When energy escapes from the "sink" the magnetic field collapses and a strong magnetic quake is created in it's wake. A properly tuned system can capture and convert radiant energy in such a prescribed arrangement.

Energy Directly from the Atom

The radiant energy system is a self-oscillating capacitive system. Once it is set into oscillation, very little power is expended in keeping it going. Because it is an electrostatic oscillating system, only a small amount of charge moves through the system per cycle, that is, the coulomb per seconds = amps are low. If the charge is used at a low rate, the energy stored in the system will be turned into heat at a slow rate enabling the oscillations to continue for a long period of time.

Tesla's "COIL FOR ELECTRO MAGNETS," patent #512,340 is a very special coil design because, unlike an ordinary coil made by turning wire on a tube form, this one uses two wires laid next to each other on a form but with the end of the first one connected to the beginning of the second one. In this patent Tesla explains that the double coil will store many times the energy of a conventional coil.[1] Measurements of two coils of the same size and with the same number of turns, one with a single, the other with a bifilar winding, show differences in voltage gain. These bifilar Tesla's coils can be explained solely on the basis of their electrical activity. A bifilar coil is capable of holding more charge than a single wound coil. When operated at resonance, the distributed capacitance of the bifilar coil is able to overcome the counter - electromotive force (e.m.f.) normal to coils, inductive reactance.

Because of the electrical activity, a bifilar coil does not work against itself in the form of a counter - e.m.f., the potential across the coil quickly builds to a high value. The difference between the turns becomes great enough that the energy is practically all potential, at this point, the system becomes an electrostatic oscillator.

Minimal work is done in my radiant energy system due to the absence of wasted displacement currents. As small heat losses occur, oscillations are maintained by surplus charge generated by atomic catalytic reactions, energy is siphoned from the kinetic moments of these charges. Very low energy expenditure allows power delivery to an electrical load over an extended time period without an external fuel supply. After an initial input of energy from an outside source, the radiant energy electrical generator will operate as a very efficient device.

By reviewing history it is understandable why some inventions are not commercialized. It is economics, not science, that is the main factor. It will be remembered that alternating current was opposed by powerful financiers in Tesla's time.

Michael Pupin, noted in his autobiography:

"...captains of industry...who were afraid that they would have to scrap some of their direct current apparatus and the plants for manufacturing it, if the alternating current system received any support. A most un-American attitude...but ignorance and false notions prevailed in the early nineties, because the captains of electrical industries paid small attention to highly trained scientists."[2]

Philadelphia Public Ledger November 2, 1933 Tesla 'Harnesses' Cosmic Energy

Inventor announces discovery to displace fuel in driving machinery. Calls Sun main source. A principle by which power for driving machinery of the world may be developed from the cosmic energy which operates the universe, has been discovered by Nikola Tesla, noted physicist and inventor of scientific devices, he announced today. This principle, which taps a source of power described as "everywhere present in unlimited quantities" and which may be transmitted by wire or wireless from central plants to any part of the globe, will eliminate the need of coal, oil, gas or any other of the common fuels, he said. Dr. Tesla in a statement today at his hotel indicated the time was not far distant when the principle would be ready for practical commercial development. Asked whether the sudden introduction of his principle would upset the present economic system, Dr. Tesla replied, "It is badly upset already." He added that now as never before was the time ripe for the development of new resources. While in its present form, the theory calls for the development of energy in central plants requiring vast machinery. Dr. Tesla said he might be able to work out a plan for its use by individuals. The central source of cosmic energy for the earth is the Sun, Dr. Tesla said, but "night will not interrupt the flow of new power supply."

Clearly Tesla is not talking about an atomic reactor. He is directly converting ionized particles generated by radiant matter. It is not nuclear energy as we know it today. Radiant Energy is directly converted to electrical power! Tesla believed that the Sun generates highly charged particles and that radiant matter is a re-transmitter of energy, it is this transfer of energy that could be used for practical purposes.

References

[1] Nikola Tesla, U.S. Patent #512,340, "COIL FOR ELECTRO MAGNETS, " he explains that a standard coil of 1000 turns with a potential of 100 volts across it will have a difference of .1 volt between turns. A similar bifilar coil will have a potential of 50 volts between turns. In that the stored energy is a function of the square of the voltages the energy in the bifilar will be 502/.12 = 2500/.01 = 250,000 times greater than the standard coil.

[2] Michael Pupin, From Immigrant to Inventor, Charles Scribner's Sons, N.Y., pages 285-286, 1923.
http://www.fuel-efficient-vehicles.org/tesla-flying-machine/images/Tesla-patent-for-radient-energy.gif>

dissident · Heavy Crude Joined: Apr 08, 2006 Posts: 423

Tesla was from the era of electromagnetic romanticism. The only cosmic rays hitting the troposphere are galactic ones and their flux is quite low, epecially at the surface. At their peak energy deposition altitude of around 12 km in the geomagnetic polar caps they manage to produce about 30 ion pairs per cm^3 per second. At the surface the number is around 1 ion pair per cm^3 per second. Clearly not much energy density from GCR to harness for anything.

There is a geophysical current circuit between the surface and the upper atmosphere. But judging by the tiny joule heating of this current even at high altitudes it is not a very dense stream of electrons. So Tesla's dreams are foiled by the small density of these energy sources even if their integrated global energy content is vast. Might as well stick to solar cells.

Aaron

Hawkman I hate being right all the time.

"Just when I think I'm out... They pull me back in."
_________________
"When you understand why you dismiss all the other possible gods, you will understand why I dismiss yours." - Stephen F Roberts.

Praise HawkMan

efarmer · Heavy Crude Joined: Mar 17, 2006 Posts: 487

N. Tesla had a brilliant and insightful mind, pulling off concepts in his
head like alternating current motors and then rendering them. Our
friend "dissident" has stated the central core of so many of the
energy schemes and dreams, some almost intangible and some
able to be demonstrated with a model or measurement on an
extremely minute scale. Put another way:

About 4.4 kilograms of gold are dissolved in each cubic kilometer of
sea water. Because the oceans contain about 1.3 billion cubic
kilometers of water, this means there are 5.72 billion kilograms of
gold dissolved in the oceans. With gold at $930 USD an ounce right
now, this is $32,801.10 USD per kilogram. This means there is about
$187,622,292,000,000 ($187.6 trillion) bucks just laying around for
the clever guy who figures out how to extract it profitably.

Now if I told you I had made a machine to extract this gold (which
can be done), and after being suppressed by seven governments,
and the Trilateral Commission, I was offering you a chance to invest
and own a large chunk of the operation if you kept it a secret. Can I
count on you to go to the bank and get us some money to start up
with?

See how these scams get rolling on a little nugget of truth?

steam_cannon · Expert Joined: Dec 28, 2006 Posts: 2467 Location: MA

korosten · Tar Sands Joined: Jun 09, 2007 Posts: 49

At Tesla's time scientists didn't know that most of the matter in the universe is in the Plasma state, which conducts electricity.

Unfortunately, most models today, which are almost entirely based on gravity, do not take plasma into account and thus are unable to explain a number of observations (see plasma universe).

http://www.plasma-universe.com/index.php/Plasma-Universe.com

It appears that we have grossly underestimated the effects of both magnetism and electricity in the universe, which might change many assumptions/theories in astronomy.

I think it is time to look at Tesla's thoughts (not the ET ones Smile

again in a serious way and try to examine some of this experiments carefully!

In the worst case, we will find out that he was wrong and learn a lot from it. In the best, we will get some energy out of it

Chantal

efarmer · Heavy Crude Joined: Mar 17, 2006 Posts: 487

Poor Nikola. I am sure he subjected himself to some titanic E & H fields
many times. My favorite anecdote was when he was in New York and
Mark Twain and others would go to his digs for some tech centric
entertainment. He had a chair that one could sit in and he would tune
the frequency and intensity of a vibration generator until the subject's
digestive system entered turbo peristalsis or maybe resonance.. The
subject would then have to get out of the chair and do the hunched
over, legs together, "mojo crippling potty" dance to the loo.

For all his mental torment and theories in his later years, at least he
didn't draw up plans for a car that runs on water, or a plan to borrow
money and give it away to keep the economy from going bad due to
misuse of credit.

mos6507

This is kind of changing the topic, but one thing Tesla did understand was EROEI, fossil fuel depletion, and the dead-end of the infinite growth paradigm, something that peakoilers are very aware of. This essay is perhaps the most prescient thing he ever wrote:

http://www.tfcbooks.com/tesla/1900-06-00.htm

While containing a few anachronisms, in most respects it is even more relevant today than it was then, containing insights that elude most so-called experts in the energy sector.

Tesla proposed renewable energy (like hydro) as a sustainable solution, which probably would have worked if employed in his time, but not today without a dieoff of some sort or a commensurate drop in average quality of living.

criticalmass

http://www.rexresearch.com/moray2/morayrer.htm

The potential energy that Tesla and Moray invested so much of their time and lives in is different and follows slightly different rules from those which we currently take for granted. Both subjects proved (There are still proofs and images available to see all over the internet!) how great the energy potential of their inventions were. For us to ignore it or pass it off as ludicrous today is criminal.

This is cold electron, oscillaiting energy with incredible strength and takes little to no input. It could truly change the entire world for the better if it were ALLOWED to work. You can try these experiments at your own estate, but mass producing anything like it for the betterment of mankind can and will get you killed.

keehah

Not that the first article is, in bulk, wrong, but it was not written by a scientist IMO. Wave not particle theory is the best way to describe interception of radiant energy not particle. There are much better articles describing this method IMO. A Tesla type interceptor basically is tuned to an electromagnetic frequency with high dipole (high voltage) to 'capture' via a tuned resonator, specific frequencies of electromagnetic energy as heat and electricity. The opposite function of a radio transmitter. The smaller the receiver (save costs) the larger the dipole needed (more heat-less electrical energy collected).

http://amasci.com/tesla/nearfld1.html

Fig 5. Circle shows the approximate size of an "absorber disk" which has an area equal to the Effective Aperature (EA) of the resonant antenna.

This is the same concept as wireless electrical transmission Telsa also worked on, just collecting the 'ambient' energy not specifically directed energy.

http://www.teslasociety.com/teslashorelab.htm http://www.pbs.org/tesla/ll/ll_todre.html

Not that I can say I've tried or seen any of this myself. Just that nothing disagrees with my Science Degree (no 'different rules' needed) but the particular application is not taught.

efarmer the effects are in the frequency. As a Co-op student once I stood on top of a running cyclotron. The EM field was so great I could take the change out of my pocket and carefully lift up on coin that would have about 6 others attached to it in a chain.

Gandalf_the_White · Intermediate Crude Joined: Nov 21, 2007 Posts: 511

That's a lot of gold. Dissident is clearly well educated. A physicist perhaps?

What is the molecular form of gold in sea water? Is it atomic, ionized, how does it's ionization potential relate to that of other constituents of water? It seems to me that there must be some way to filter or extract the gold from seawater. The cost of course is the issue, but I wonder just how much it would cost to get say 80% of the gold out of a cubic kilometer of sea water. EM fields?

Hmm. Is the gold left behind when sea water evaporates? What about a giant floating evaporator? You let in a few inches of seawater let it evaporate, then let in some more, .... And you end up with what? Salt?

http://www.e-goldprospecting.com/html/extracting_gold_from_the_sea.html

That article mentions Haber, now the Haber Process that is a moneymaker

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haber_process

Yet another lynchpin of modern agriculture that depends on fossil fuels
_________________
I return to you now at the turning of the tide.

criticalmass

Keep in mind the area of electron attraction due to electret effect along something like a coaxial cable is very large when not insulated.
If the size of the field your "antenna" attracts is even 1.5' in diameter (smaller than what is likely) and your antenna is 30 feet in length (again, smaller than likely considering it works best horizontally) your surface area of attraction should be at least: 3.14*1.5= 4.71, 4.71*30 and you have 141.3'^2. That is some major surface area.
Also, the energy produced is COLD. Lightbulbs and capicitors are cold to the touch and do not show more wear. In fact I would argue that there is less wear as heat tends to be a major contributing factor to wear.

criticalmass

Forgot one major component: The bifilar coil which, upon a small introduction of energy supply, is capable of stepping up current higher and higher while the necessary input drops by a certain percentage. There are all kinds of home-made bifilar coils (also a Tesla patent) on youtube if you'd like to see proof of concept.

keehah

Nice fable you have here efarmer about people like tesla ripping off investors.

Now for a link or two to reality: