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Peakoil.com :: View topic - Small town water tanks.
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Small town water tanks.

 
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allenwrench
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Joined: Apr 23, 2008
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 02, 2008 8:47 am    Post subject: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

My wife asked me why doesn't our small town water tank doesn't freeze in the winter? I didn't know, maybe because new warmer water is coming in as old colder water is going out?

Anyway, I did tell her that the tank was for building pressure and as the city pumped the water up to height it built pressure when it came down from the mass water storage pressure.

That got me to thinking about how long an avenge water tank would last in there was no electric to keep it pumped up?

I called the local village water office and they thought it was an odd question and could not or would not say. In a small town of 3000 - 4000 people do you think a decent size water tank would last 2 or 3 days before running dry if the electric was off?
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kpeavey
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 02, 2008 9:21 am    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

Freezing
Ground water is pumped from wells with a depth of anywhere from a couple dozen feet to a couple of hundred feet. The soil temperature in this range in most areas of the world will be above freezing. 50-60 degrees is typical. Constant flow keeps the tank warm. There may be some freezing on the shell of the tank and possibly some on the water surface, but the ice is not able to build up due to the temperatures and some agitation resulting from the flow.

If the pumps do not run, the tank temperature can cool to a point that it will freeze. Depending on the size of the tank, composition, and temperature of water and air, the tank may freeze in a couple of days.

Running Dry
If the tanks are shut down and everyone turned off their water faucets, there are still leaks all over the place. Leaks in the water mains, running toilets, and dripping faucets all contribute to consumption. A single dripping faucet can lose anywhere from a gallon a day to a couple of gallons per minute. Freezing temperatures can help slow leaks where pipes freeze. This shows up as decreased water demand in freezing weather. How long a big tank will still offer water supply is dependent on its size and the flow rate of leaks. Figure the tank will leak dry in a few days.

Unless it is announced to the public, the customers would not know the pumps have stopped. The weight of the water in the tank and standpipe is what creates the pressure at your tap. If the grid went down, water would still flow from a standpipe, although there may be a drop in pressure. Backup generators and fuel are usually in place in the event of power failure to keep the pumps running. As long as the fuel can be refilled, the water can keep flowing.

In the event of a crisis in which the grid is down and fuel for the generators is difficult to obtain, the generator would likely be operated for only a few hours/day, with commercial/industrial use restricted.
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Cashmere
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PostPosted: Sat Aug 02, 2008 10:44 am    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

Quote:
A single dripping faucet can lose anywhere from a gallon a day to a couple of gallons per minute.


Impossible.

A kitchen faucet is typically around 2.2 gpm at full bore.

So dripping, even a quick drip bordering on a flow, will not be a couple of gallons a minute.
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kpeavey
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PostPosted: Sun Aug 03, 2008 1:03 pm    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

Entirely possible.

The stems inside the faucet limit the flow of water to a couple GPM. Leaks can occur anywhere in the line, not just at the faucet. 30-55 PSI city pressure has a flow rate ranging from 200-400 GPM. Leave a garden hose running, look at your bill.

That's enough bickering over minutia.
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Cloud9
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PostPosted: Sun Aug 03, 2008 5:21 pm    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

We were on city water and ran out of water during the 04 hurricanes. We flushed the toilets with five gallon buckets filled from the canal back of my house. I put in a shallow well after the hurricanes and will run it off my generator next time around. I am seriously thinking of getting a pitcher pump as a backup.
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allenwrench
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PostPosted: Thu Aug 07, 2008 8:36 am    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

Thanks for the help!
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bobaloo
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PostPosted: Tue Aug 12, 2008 11:36 pm    Post subject: Re: Small town water tanks. Add User to Ignore List Reply with quote

Our town of 1600 has 1.75 million gallons of storage. Sounds like a lot, but believe it or not in the US we use 70-100 gallons per day per person.

We figure in the winter we have about 7-10 days of storage at normal usage, in the summer 3-5 days.
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