charliebrownout wrote:Again, I'm new, so, to me, it looks like a crazy shell game...so, I expect what is being done to be morally on the level of a "shell game".
It's not a shell game. The people who's shares are being sold agree to loan them out. Usually the way that works is that it's a margin account. In a margin account, your broker agrees to loan you money so that you can buy up to twice as much stock as the amount of money that you deposit in your account. In exchange, you agree to let your broker borrow your stock shares for other customers that want to sell short.
The basic idea of a market is that there are two groups of people vying to control the price and between them they establish a fair price. The only way to have that in a stock market is if you've got bulls trying to push the stock up by buying shares and short sellers trying to push the price down by short selling shares. Otherwise the market is going to run towards unchecked an unrealistic optimism until there is a crisis. Then there will be unchecked panic as people get terrified of the company going bankrupt and the stock value going to zero. It leads to unrealistic run ups followed by exagerated panics.