I wish I was 10. Everything was so much easier then. A year would last forever. Most things in the world were still new, begging to be explored. Folks are giving the kids more freedom to do things at that age. Even starting to form some opinions.
Age 10 is an especially important time. Reason and recall are developing in leaps and bounds. Impressions made at that age will last the rest of their lives.
In 10 years, these kids will be 20. In 20 years, they will be 30. This puts them at the peak of fitness and health, just starting families, and looking towards the future at a time when the ramifications of peak oil will be striking deeply into the culture of the developed world. They will be the ones who will bear a great burden. They won't have what we have. Their world will be different from ours in ways we are just beginning to understand.
Rather than fill their noggins with notions of catabolic collapse, die off, and Hobbesian realities, plant the seeds that will grow along with them and which will give them a survival advantage.
I'm thinking you could put together a series of classes and experiments using the sun as a focus. The diversity of subjects and high level of interaction offers a plethora of learning opportunities
Water
A clear plastic bottle filled with water and left in the sun will purify the water as a result of UV. If this was all they learned this year, it may be enough to ease suffering and disease down the road.
Cooking
There is ample information on solar cooking. A solar box cooker can be fashioned out of materials available for low cost or free with some creativity, and would not exceed the skill level of a 10 year old. When I was a kid, one of my favorite things was a class project where we got to eat something. There are all sorts of designs, using several would make it easy to feed the class.
Simple Solar Cooker Demonstration
Make this one with cardboard and foil
Slant Faced oven
This one has a kid in it.
Food Storage
The sun can be used to dehydrate foods. Apples, carrots, banana chips, tomato, all sorts of fruits and vegetables can be tried out. This could be connected with a history lesson.
Hot Water
This is an easy one. Leave a hose in the sun, it gets hot. Have the kids learn about how it works and why. If the kids are sharp, give them the project of figuring out what would be needed to offer hot water for handwashing in the cafeteria. This has the ability to become more than a project if the school lets you actually install the thing. This also leads to germ theory and sanitation lessons.
Off Grid Laundry
If you can make hot water, you can also wash clothes.
You'll need a bucket and some detergent. After that, you'll need a clothesline. I bet the novelty of this one sticks with them.
Greenhouse
Why the sun heats a greenhouse is a fine lesson. While your at it, seed propagation is a useful skill. This may be out of the class budget, but may be a potential field trip destination.
You are limited by imagination.
If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face--for ever."
-George Orwell, 1984
_____
twenty centuries of stony sleep were vexed to nightmare by a rocking cradle, and what rough beast, its hour come round at last, slouches towards Bethlehem to be born?
-George Yeats