Locally, we see many wives and daughters that are the breadwinners since the husbands are unemployed or under-employed manufacturing workers, or low skilled construction workers.Changing the face of marriage and work: Breadwinners wear lipstick
If you think women still reap more economic benefit than men do from marriage, you may be living in the past. Using census data from 1970 and 2007 to compare U.S.-born married people ages 30 to 44, the Pew Research Center finds the economic gains associated with marriage are now greater for men than women.
The report found:
• More women than men today have college degrees, census data show. In 1970, 64 percent of college graduates were men, 36 percent women; in 2007, 53.5 percent were women, 46.5 percent men.
• Women's earnings grew 44 percent from 1970 to 2007, compared with 6 percent growth for men. Even though men, on average, still make more, women's sharper gains have narrowed the disparity.
• Only 4 percent of husbands had wives who earned more than they did in 1970, compared with 22 percent in 2007.
The Pew researchers also said the economic downturn is reinforcing the gender-reversal trends, with men losing jobs more often than women. "Marriage is a different deal than it was 40 years ago," says Richard Fry, a co-author of the study. "Typically, most wives did not work, so for economic well-being, marriage penalized guys with more mouths to feed but no extra income. Now most wives work. For guys, the economics of marriage have become much more beneficial."
Coontz has been struck by the dramatic loss of manufacturing jobs that in the past had enabled men without college education to earn enough money to raise a family. The loss of those jobs, said Coontz, "is something no feminist would take pleasure in."
Yet she said the data also reflect the fact that many husbands no longer feel compelled to be the sole bread- winner and are embracing a bigger share of household responsibilities.
"If it weren't for the gains of the women's movement, which have produced a steady equalization of women's wages and new incentives for women to get more education . . . most families would have stagnated in their living standards even before the recession," Coontz said. link
Many of the wives and daughters work in the local healthcare industry, but the husbands refuse to train for, or take jobs in this industry.